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What Is Photogrammetry? A Complete Beginner’s Guide

  • Writer: Anvita Shrivastava
    Anvita Shrivastava
  • May 8
  • 2 min read

Curious about how realistic 3D maps, digital twins, or lifelike models are made from just photos? Welcome to the world of photogrammetry—a cutting-edge technique that's revolutionizing industries like construction, archaeology, real estate, and gaming.


What Is Photogrammetry?


Photogrammetry is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment by recording, measuring, and interpreting photographic images.


In simpler terms, photogrammetry converts 2D images into 3D models or maps. By analysing multiple overlapping photos taken from different angles, software can reconstruct the shape, size, and position of objects in space.





How Does Photogrammetry Work?


Photogrammetry involves three main steps:


1. Image Capture

You take multiple photos of the subject or area from different angles using a camera or drone. The more overlap between images (ideally 60–80%), the better the results.


2. Image Processing

Photogrammetry software (like Agisoft Metashape, Pix4D, or RealityCapture) analyzes the images, detects common points, and triangulates their position in 3D space.


3. 3D Reconstruction

The software creates a 3D point cloud, mesh, and textured model or orthophoto (a geometrically corrected image).



There are two primary types of photogrammetry:


1. Aerial Photogrammetry

Images are taken from drones or aircraft to create 3D maps, terrain models, and large-scale surveys.


2. Terrestrial (or Close-Range) Photogrammetry

Photos are taken from the ground using handheld cameras or tripods, useful for architecture, cultural heritage, or product scanning.


Applications of Photogrammetry


Photogrammetry is used across many industries:


  • Construction & Surveying: Create accurate site maps and track progress.

  • Geography & Mapping: Build topographic maps and digital elevation models (DEMs).

  • Archaeology: Digitally preserve ancient structures and artifacts.

  • Gaming & VFX: Create lifelike 3D assets from real-world objects.

  • Real Estate & Architecture: Visualize properties with 3D models.

  • Agriculture: Monitor crops and land with drone-based surveys.


Benefits of Photogrammetry


  • High Accuracy: Modern software delivers precision suitable for engineering and mapping.

  • Cost-Effective: Requires only a camera and software—no expensive laser scanners.

  • Fast Turnaround: Quickly generate 3D data with minimal fieldwork.

  • Versatile: Works for everything from small objects to entire landscapes.


Photogrammetry vs. LiDAR: What’s the Difference?


Both photogrammetry and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) create 3D models, but:


  • Photogrammetry relies on images and lighting.

  • LiDAR uses laser pulses to measure distances.


LiDAR tends to be more accurate in low-light or dense vegetation, but it's more expensive. Photogrammetry is more accessible and photorealistic.


Tips for Beginners


  • Use consistent lighting and avoid shadows.

  • Take more photos than you think you need.

  • Maintain high image overlap (60–80%).

  • Keep your camera settings manual to ensure consistency.


Photogrammetry is a powerful, accessible, and rewarding technique for creating 3D models and spatial data from simple photographs. Whether you’re a surveyor, designer, hobbyist, or content creator, understanding the basics of photogrammetry opens a world of possibilities.


For more information or any questions regarding Photogrammetry, please don't hesitate to contact us at


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